Stem cell therapy is the introduction of new adult stem cells into damaged tissues to treat disease or injury. Stem cells are primitive cells with the potential for self-replication and multi-directional differentiation. Under certain conditions, they can differentiate into a variety of functional cells or tissues and organs. The medical community calls them "universal cells." Stem cells can replace lesions and damaged areas in the body, treating diseases with minimal risk of rejection and side effects.
Stem cell therapy is like injecting new vitality into the body, and is an effective method for fundamentally treating many diseases. But most stem cell therapies are only in the experimental stage, and the cost is usually expensive or the treatment is controversial. Medical researchers expect that adult and embryonic stem cells will soon be able to treat cancer, type 1 diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, celiac disease, heart failure, muscle damage, and nerve dysfunction. However, before stem cell therapy is applied in the clinic, more research should understand the behavior of stem cell transplantation, and the mechanism of the interaction between the diseased / injured microenvironment and stem cells. Stem cell technology will become a new means of preventing and treating cardiovascular disease JAHA: develop capsules loaded with stem cells for heart disease therapy
Researchers have begun to use stem cell therapy to treat heart disease. Worldwide, thousands of patients with heart disease use bone marrow cells or stem cells for treatment, but many studies have shown that this therapy actually improves heart function and One reason is that many stem cells are not stable in the heart, or they die shortly after entering the body. Researchers at Murray University carried out research to encapsulate stem cells in capsules made of alginate. Once stem cells enter the capsule, they can continuously and steadily release healing factors; the researchers in this article applied mesenchymal stem cell capsules to the occurrence of In the heart of rats with heart disease, compared with the cells without treatment, the function of the heart of the rats treated with capsules was enhanced, and the size of the heart scar was reduced, and a lot of cardiovascular was generated after one month. Nat Commun: Human stem cells make the mouse heart jump again. American scientists removed the mouse heart and removed the cells in the heart for the first time, and then used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) obtained from human skin to scaffold the remaining heart of the mouse. Process it to make it jump again. The latest research helps scientists use the same method to create human organs that can be transplanted. In this experiment, the leader of the study, Dr. Yang Lei's team at the University of Pittsburgh, first took 10 hours to remove all cells from the mouse heart. Then, by using specific growth factors that promote differentiation, induced pluripotent cells derived from human skin living tissue are obtained, and after programming, the obtained pluripotent cardiovascular precursor cells (MCP) are placed into the remaining cardiac architecture. A few weeks later, the rat's heart not only began to rebuild, but also began to contract at a frequency of 40-50 times per minute. However, the scientists added that further research is needed to make the heart contract stronger and to rebuild the heart's conductive system so that the heart rate can be normally accelerated and slowed down.
Cell: Studying myocardial stem cells or providing hope for the development of heart failure therapy. Researchers from King ’s College London have revealed for the first time the natural regeneration ability of a series of stem cells located in the human heart. This research shows that these stem cells may help those Because of a heart attack, the body repair and muscle tissue regeneration of heart failure patients. Without stem cells, the heart cannot be repaired after injury; if myocardial stem cells are used for heart repair, it will restore the individual's heart to function. If myocardial stem cells can be injected into an individual, then they will find their "home" and complete the work of repairing the heart. This research can help researchers develop a less invasive treatment for heart failure. The researchers established their important role by removing myocardial stem cells from the heart of rodent heart failure rodents, which provided a certain basis for the ability to regenerate the heart repair. The researchers said that in a healthy heart, the amount of myocardial stem cells is very sufficient to repair the heart muscle tissue. However, in the damaged heart, these stem cells cannot proliferate to produce new muscle tissue. , You need to remove the cardiomyocytes on the news or increase the number of new cardiomyocytes under laboratory conditions to make it play a role in regeneration. CIRCRESAHA: "Drought Tolerant" Stem Cells Bring Dawn to the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction Zeng Chunyu, Director of the Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, led a scientific research team to develop a "drought tolerant" stem cell that resists ischemia and hypoxia In this way, the survival rate of the transplanted cells will be doubled under "bad" conditions, which will bring dawn for stem cells to treat myocardial infarction. Studies have shown that high expression of a key gene hypoxia-inducible factor in stem cells can promote the survival of stem cells in a hypoxic environment and has a "drought tolerance" effect, but hypoxia-inducible factors are not stable, and reoxygenation can easily cause it degradation. Proline hydroxylase 2 is an important oxygen receptor, which not only regulates the stable expression of hypoxia-inducible factors, but also regulates the function of another transcription factor, nuclear factor. The research team transplanted these "drought-tolerant" stem cells into the heart of mice with myocardial infarction. It was found that the survival rate of stem cells in the infarcted heart increased from about 8% to more than 16.7%, and the therapeutic effect of single stem cells was enhanced, the secretion of growth factors was increased by 3 to 4 times, and the effect of protecting ischemic myocardium was obvious Enhanced.
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