It is reported that two thousand years ago, the Chinese began to use horsehair and templates for the initial screen printing, which promoted the development of human civilization in the world to a certain extent. Nowadays, the multiplication and tempering of civilization has made the screen printing technology continuously improved and perfected, and it has shined with the advantages of simple equipment, convenient operation, low cost and wide range of applications.
However, with the increase in people's requirements for printed products, the large number of spot colors and transition colors that appear in printed products, and the high precision requirements of customers for printed patterns, make traditional screen printing processes unable to meet market demand. At the same time, the ills of long time and great pollution have made it much criticized. At this point, the author suspects that digital printing may "take over" traditional screen printing.
Traditional silk screen "encountered embarrassment"
Facing the ever-changing printing market, various printing methods are doing their best to stabilize their positions. Compared with other printing processes, the disadvantages of traditional screen printing about "thick", "single", "slow", and "dirty" seem to be more prominent, making their further development into a bottleneck.
"Crude". Screen printing is affected by the density of the screen mesh. In general, the printing accuracy can only reach 80 to 100 lines, but currently both offset and flexo printing can reach more than 250 lines.
"single". Traditional screen printing is mainly based on three primary colors. Even if some spot colors are used, since spot colors are mostly done by manual color matching, it is basically impossible to solve the color difference between batches. In addition, the problem of transitional colors is also one of the difficulties that screen printing is difficult to overcome.
"slow". At present, screen printing enterprises use quite a lot of 60 × 90 semi-automatic screen printing machines. The effective printing area of ​​this type of equipment is 60mm × 90mm. The single-person single-machine operation is implemented, and the working efficiency is low. Leave a certain curing time, the printing speed is slow.
"dirty". During the curing process of screen printing, a large amount of organic substances, such as benzene and benzene derivatives, will be volatilized, which poses serious safety hazards and will cause pollution to the surrounding environment and operating workers.
Digital printing "appropriate medicine"
In the era of digitalization as the core development process, the printing industry has undergone tremendous changes. The early color inkjet printing technology has moved from office automation to industrial production. In the author's opinion, it can easily and smartly solve the various embarrassments encountered by traditional screen printing.
Introducing digital printing technology into screen printing, first of all, "revolution" the screen printing plate and scraping blade, and replaced with a special digital printing inkjet nozzle. Since the screen printing plate is eliminated, the printing process does not need to be restricted by the screen density, so the "rough" problem is solved.
It is not difficult to find that the picture of the product obtained by digital printing is also a combination of dots after being enlarged, so the problem of transitional colors can be solved. At the same time, the problem of spot color can be solved by using advanced computer color matching and color matching technology. Therefore, the "single" problem is no longer a problem.
Aiming at the crux of "slowness", in view of the digital printing process, the entire printed image is synthesized on the digital printing machine at one time, so there is no problem of leaving a certain time for curing after completing each set of colors. The printing speed is only related to the printing mode set by the digital printing machine.
The ink used in digital printing adopts advanced UV curing technology, which can be cured in time after printing. At the same time, the volatilization of its organic solvents is basically similar to that of offset printing, so as long as the printing area is partially forced to ventilate, it can solve the "dirty" problem Too.
Practicing "take the baton" and "rugged road"
Digital printing can provide a theoretical basis for the "adequate treatment" of the four major disadvantages of traditional screen printing, but there are a few points that need to be considered in actual operation.
1. Equipment investment
A digital printing machine with an effective printing width of about 1 meter and a printing speed of 20 to 30 square meters per hour currently costs 800,000 to 1 million yuan. According to preliminary calculations, after investing in such equipment, it is necessary to maintain the two-shift operation every day in order to be profitable. Who will eat the first crab is often a difficult knot. Moreover, most small and medium-sized screen printing enterprises have a pretty good life. Therefore, for the project of switching from traditional screen printing to digital printing, small and medium-sized screen printing enterprises are mostly in the wait-and-see stage.
2. Cost of consumables
At present, the cost of consumables for digital printing is about 8 yuan / square meter, while the cost of consumables for traditional screen printing is 2 to 3 yuan / square meter, and the high-quality ones are only 4 yuan / square meter. The cost of plate-making can be calculated by simple calculation to get the critical point of material cost between digital printing and traditional screen printing. In theory, this critical point is the dividing line between digital printing and traditional screen printing. In view of the current environment and the situation of digital printing after the price reduction, we compared the cost data between digital printing and traditional screen printing.
3. Software upgrade issues
In digital printing, technical depreciation in equipment depreciation items is much higher than traditional equipment depreciation, that is to say, digital printing equipment is often not worn out, but needs to be replaced due to backward technology. Therefore, digital printing equipment manufacturers should take the feasibility of equipment technology upgrade as a project that must be considered during product development. It is recommended to provide free technical software upgrades and after-sales services to solve users' worries about technical software.
4. The problem of extensive substrates
Traditional screen printing does have the disadvantages of "coarse, simple, slow, dirty", but currently a large number of non-paper materials are printed, such as PVC, PE, PP, ABS plates, plexiglass, acrylic, ceramic, crystal , Aluminum-plastic composite boards, metal plates and other hard materials, surface printing and decoration can not do without traditional screen printing. This is a contradiction that must be resolved, and it is also an important issue that digital printing must successfully "take over" traditional screen printing.
With the increasing requirements for timeliness, high quality and environmental protection, traditional screen printing may be difficult to move forward due to its inherent disadvantages. When we discuss the replacement of traditional screen printing with digital printing, we can also adopt the method of penetrating new technologies and ideas into traditional screen printing to look forward to its new charm.
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