[ Chinese and foreign toy network December 22] Today (December 22), the 15th edition of Wenhui Daily launched a pre-school & tutor edition, explaining the meaning of "playing" to children, and interpreting the role of children's toys in the creative development of children. . The Chinese and foreign toy nets will summarize the articles below to readers.
The 15th edition of Wenhui Daily on December 22 (Chinese and foreign toy network screenshots)
Special Guide:
Play is a big deal, parents should not make a mistake P1 | Interpretation of children's toy password P2
What kind of P3 do primary school students play with? Play with your child, can you do it? P4
Playing is a big deal, parents should not make mistakes
Melinda Winna
In the past 10 years, children's playing time has become shorter and shorter – in order to go to a good university, children have to sacrifice game time from kindergarten. As more and more parents are busy turning their child's playing time into learning time, maybe the children will pay the price. Because play is naturally endowed with too much meaning—social ability, problem-solving ability, learning ability to alleviate anxiety, and even improve IQ. Parents of Jackie Chan are depriving their children of the opportunity to become smarter and more capable.
瞎 play can stimulate children's creativity
Do homework or play? Of these two options, most parents choose the former. But parents can't think of it, only the play without rules, that is, the play in the eyes of adults, can stimulate children's creativity.
Stuart Brown, a psychiatrist who created the National Play Research Institute in the United States, surveyed more than 6,000 people in their 42 years from the late 1960s to the present to understand their childhood. It is found that if you can't play freely in childhood, your child may grow unhappy and become difficult to adapt to the new environment. In particular, "free play" is crucial to developing a child's social skills, the ability to cope with stress, and the cognitive skills to solve problems.
Free play requires a lot of imagination. An unimaginative child can't play and pinch a piece of paper on his hand for half an hour or more; a child without imagination can't change into a doctor in just one hour, and it will change in a while. As a family member with a briefcase to work, it is very likely that he will become a puppy, an elephant or a monster... American psychologist Maslow once said: "Almost any child can be without Impromptu creation of a song, a poem, a dance, a painting or a script, a game with prior planning."
How do children benefit from these seemingly meaningless activities? In play, the child gradually knows what is acceptable and what is unacceptable. For example, fair interaction with peers and role rotations – girls always ask to play positive roles such as fairies and princesses, and they will soon lose their playmates. If the children want to continue playing, they will know that they must give up one step to meet the requirements of others. Of course, if you want to play happily, they still need some communication skills.
The fact that not being able to play too much can hinder the improvement of social skills has been confirmed by relevant research. The High School Education Research Foundation in Ypsilanti, Michigan, USA conducted a study on poor children and children with lower grades. Scientists have found that children born out of kindergartens with free play as the dominant content can better adapt to society in later life. According to the data, when they were two or three years old, more than one-third of the children who had studied in kindergartens had committed felony crimes. Less than one in ten children who had studied in play-type kindergartens had committed felony crimes. . In addition, less than 7% of children in play-type kindergartens have had experience of being suspended, and more than a quarter of them have been suspended after Confucius of the kindergarten.
The more you solve problems, the stronger your problem-solving ability
Studies have shown that play plays a key role in children's emotional health. The researchers assessed the level of anxiety by observing the performance of 74 third- and fourth-year-old children when they went to kindergarten on the first day of school. These children were divided into anxiety and non-anxiety types, and they were randomly divided into four groups. Half of the children will enter a room full of toys. They can play alone or with their companions for 15 minutes. The rest of the children can only sit alone at a small table with their companions and listen to the teacher for 15 minutes.
The researchers then reassessed the child's anxiety. Children who were previously considered to be anxious, after playing for 15 minutes, the anxiety was relieved twice as much as the children who listened to the story. Interestingly, children who play alone are more calm than those who play with their peers. The researchers speculate that when children are alone, it's easy to create imaginative ways of playing, which can give them more fantasies and help them cope with the current predicament.
Studies have shown that play has an unexpected effect: to make children smarter. As early as more than 30 years ago, Developmental Psychology published a classic study: 90 children still in kindergarten were divided into three groups. The first group of children can choose from four kinds of common items such as a stack of paper towels, a screwdriver, a wooden board, and a pile of paper clips; the second group of children ask them to imitate the staff and use these items according to daily methods; The three groups of children couldn't see these everyday items. They sat at the table and randomly painted what they wanted to paint. After 10 minutes, the researchers asked the children to tell how to use one of the items. The results show that the unconventional and creative use of free-playing children is three times that of the other two groups, which means that play helps to cultivate creative thinking.
Also effective is playfulness. Scientists have long discovered that the more primary school boys who play, the better they perform in the test of solving social problems. In the test, the researchers showed the children some pictures. The five pictures were for a child trying to get a toy from a companion, and the other five were about a child trying to avoid the mother's reprimand. The researchers asked the children involved in the test to say as many solutions as possible for each image. The diversity of the solutions they propose determines their performance. The results show that children who play often score higher.
Why does play make children better?
Researchers believe that play can train children to cope with unexpected situations. Mark Bekov, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Colorado at Boulder, believes that “playing is like a kaleidoscopeâ€, with randomness and creativity. He also believes that, fundamentally speaking, play can enhance children's flexibility and creativity, and they will have a more competitive advantage when they encounter unexpected situations or are in a new environment.
What happens if the child does not have enough time to play? Although no one knows the answer, many psychologists are concerned about this. Because play has certain risks—the animals in play are less alert and vulnerable to predators, so play behavior is likely to give the animal a certain survival advantage, and it will continue to evolve and continue. In fact, play has a long history of evolution. The neocortex is a brain region associated with higher-order thinking, and rats that have removed this brain region are still able to play normally, indicating that the motivation for play comes from the brainstem. The brain stem already existed long before the evolution of mammals. This means that the main neural circuits associated with play are located in very old brain regions and are also passed on from generation to generation through genetics.
Special Guide:
Play is a big deal, parents should not make a mistake P1 | Interpretation of children's toy password P2
What kind of P3 do primary school students play with? Play with your child, can you do it? P4
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