3, screening of paste
Printing paste has a very close relationship with the printing effect. The selected paste must meet the following requirements: the compatibility of paste and dye, auxiliaries is better; the dispersibility of paste in water is greater; the water content of paste must be small; The adhesiveness of the material to the fiber is better; the paste must have a moderate wettability; the ease of cleaning of the paste is better.
In printing paste, it is necessary to add a certain amount of paste, and its role is to transfer chemical materials such as dyes and auxiliaries to the skin to prevent the pattern from seepage. When the color is fixed, the paste is easily washed away. There are many varieties of printing pastes, and pastes that can meet the printing process requirements must be selected. In dyeing, water is the dispersion medium of the dye, and in the printing, the paste becomes the dispersion medium of the dye, so the paste is dispersed and aggregated, resulting in uneven printing. Also consider the nature of the paste, which should not react with acids, oxidants, etc. At present, commonly used pastes include starch and its products, gums, sodium alginate, and cellulose derivatives.
During the test, only comparative tests were conducted on starch, gum arabic, SX glue, and thickener 44.
There are two components of amylose and amylopectin in starch granules. The former is a chain molecule and the latter is a branched chain molecule. The basic chain is a-glucose in glucose. However, the properties of the two are different. Amylopectin is not easily hydrolyzed and can be suspended in water and heated to absorb water and swell, making it a highly viscous suspension. Amylose is easily hydrolyzed. After heated and expanded into a colloid, viscosity and permeability are inferior to amylopectin. In different starches, the contents of amylopectin differ greatly. The content of amylopectin in wheat starch accounts for 15%, and the content of amylopectin in potatoes accounts for 1%-2%. The majority of glutinous rice is amylopectin. Because the end of the starch molecule has a hidden ligand, it has reducibility. When the degree of polymerization is high, the reducibility is not obvious. When the degree of molecular polymerization decreases, the reducibility increases. When the hair is added to the oxidant after printing, if the starch paste is used, the oxidizing agent will be used. If the starch paste is used, the oxidizing agent will be used. If the starch paste is used, the oxidation-reduction reaction will occur, and a large amount of oxidant will be consumed, affecting the dye and The combination of fibers is even pale. Therefore, starch pastes should not be used when printing with oxidation dyes.
The thickening agent 44 was used as an oxidation dye printing paste, which does not react with the oxidizing agent, and the printing effect is good, but after the printing is fixed, the paste is difficult to wash off. This paste can be applied, but it is a waste of money.
The SX glue is tested, the printing effect is good, does not react with the oxidant and the dye, the paste is easy to wash off after the printing is fixed, and is suitable for the oxidation dye printing.
Gum arabic (powder) is used for printing with BRUSHING DYES. The color is even and the printing effect is good. The acid does not lose its viscosity. Because of its high price, it is not used in practice.
4 printing steps
4.1 Selection of materials
According to the sample and the user's requirements, choose raw materials that meet the process and user requirements for imitation. For example, yellow wolf skin imitation water fleas, dry fleas imitation water fleas, from the appearance of the hair to be imagined, rex rabbit skin, lamb shear leather can be imitation leopard flowers. Raw materials can only be printed on the skin, but also on the rough raw skin. It is necessary to pick off the hairs with needles, hairs, hairs, hairs, turtle skins, broken boards, rotten boards and other defects. Be removed.
4.2 raw skin preparation
4.2.1 Pretreatment
The moult that is selected for printing is often colored with different shades. The color is related to the color of the fur to be imitated. Therefore, the wool must be processed before printing, such as bleaching or discoloration. Before bleaching, the fur is first treated with formaldehyde (reclamation) so that the skin can resist the effect of hydrogen peroxide.
4.2.2 stained background
For a natural white fur or a discoloured hide, it must be brushed or dyed to a color similar to the background color of the suede to be imitated.
4.3 Printing is the key process of imitation, and the quality of the printing determines the imitation effect. Replica leopards, the center color is deeper than the background, the outer ring is black, need to plate printing and dyeing. Chemical materials include oxidation dyes, SX glue, penetrants, wool-retaining agent MF-3, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Before the printing, it is necessary to use a brush to smooth the hair. After the center color is printed, the outer ring is printed black. The scraping material should be even and then dried.
4.4 Deaeration
The darker hair is printed, and the problem of washing and degumming in water is not significant. However, when the base color of the hair is white, the fur printing must be carefully controlled to prevent the background from being stained.
4.5 Sawdust (wooden rake)
Roll the fur with a drum, sawdust, and brightener to loosen, lighten, and remove floating color.
4.6 Printing Precautions
(1) After adding the printing paste, add an appropriate amount of preservative, otherwise it will be rancid and deteriorated after being left for a long time.
(2) The preparation of the paste should not be too dilute, leaving room for adding moderate dye water, that is, if the paste is very thin, it becomes thinner after adding the dye water and cannot be printed.
(3) When bubbles, dyes, and other materials are added, bubbles may be added and defoamers may be added.
(4) If there are two printing plates that require color registration, attention should be paid to the alignment of the two printing plates to prevent misalignment of the pattern. After the first printing, it should be dried and then color-coded to prevent contamination.
(5) When printing, it is best to push by special personnel to prevent mistakes or uneven force, so as to avoid inconsistency in pattern depth.
Printing paste has a very close relationship with the printing effect. The selected paste must meet the following requirements: the compatibility of paste and dye, auxiliaries is better; the dispersibility of paste in water is greater; the water content of paste must be small; The adhesiveness of the material to the fiber is better; the paste must have a moderate wettability; the ease of cleaning of the paste is better.
In printing paste, it is necessary to add a certain amount of paste, and its role is to transfer chemical materials such as dyes and auxiliaries to the skin to prevent the pattern from seepage. When the color is fixed, the paste is easily washed away. There are many varieties of printing pastes, and pastes that can meet the printing process requirements must be selected. In dyeing, water is the dispersion medium of the dye, and in the printing, the paste becomes the dispersion medium of the dye, so the paste is dispersed and aggregated, resulting in uneven printing. Also consider the nature of the paste, which should not react with acids, oxidants, etc. At present, commonly used pastes include starch and its products, gums, sodium alginate, and cellulose derivatives.
During the test, only comparative tests were conducted on starch, gum arabic, SX glue, and thickener 44.
There are two components of amylose and amylopectin in starch granules. The former is a chain molecule and the latter is a branched chain molecule. The basic chain is a-glucose in glucose. However, the properties of the two are different. Amylopectin is not easily hydrolyzed and can be suspended in water and heated to absorb water and swell, making it a highly viscous suspension. Amylose is easily hydrolyzed. After heated and expanded into a colloid, viscosity and permeability are inferior to amylopectin. In different starches, the contents of amylopectin differ greatly. The content of amylopectin in wheat starch accounts for 15%, and the content of amylopectin in potatoes accounts for 1%-2%. The majority of glutinous rice is amylopectin. Because the end of the starch molecule has a hidden ligand, it has reducibility. When the degree of polymerization is high, the reducibility is not obvious. When the degree of molecular polymerization decreases, the reducibility increases. When the hair is added to the oxidant after printing, if the starch paste is used, the oxidizing agent will be used. If the starch paste is used, the oxidizing agent will be used. If the starch paste is used, the oxidation-reduction reaction will occur, and a large amount of oxidant will be consumed, affecting the dye and The combination of fibers is even pale. Therefore, starch pastes should not be used when printing with oxidation dyes.
The thickening agent 44 was used as an oxidation dye printing paste, which does not react with the oxidizing agent, and the printing effect is good, but after the printing is fixed, the paste is difficult to wash off. This paste can be applied, but it is a waste of money.
The SX glue is tested, the printing effect is good, does not react with the oxidant and the dye, the paste is easy to wash off after the printing is fixed, and is suitable for the oxidation dye printing.
Gum arabic (powder) is used for printing with BRUSHING DYES. The color is even and the printing effect is good. The acid does not lose its viscosity. Because of its high price, it is not used in practice.
4 printing steps
4.1 Selection of materials
According to the sample and the user's requirements, choose raw materials that meet the process and user requirements for imitation. For example, yellow wolf skin imitation water fleas, dry fleas imitation water fleas, from the appearance of the hair to be imagined, rex rabbit skin, lamb shear leather can be imitation leopard flowers. Raw materials can only be printed on the skin, but also on the rough raw skin. It is necessary to pick off the hairs with needles, hairs, hairs, hairs, turtle skins, broken boards, rotten boards and other defects. Be removed.
4.2 raw skin preparation
4.2.1 Pretreatment
The moult that is selected for printing is often colored with different shades. The color is related to the color of the fur to be imitated. Therefore, the wool must be processed before printing, such as bleaching or discoloration. Before bleaching, the fur is first treated with formaldehyde (reclamation) so that the skin can resist the effect of hydrogen peroxide.
4.2.2 stained background
For a natural white fur or a discoloured hide, it must be brushed or dyed to a color similar to the background color of the suede to be imitated.
4.3 Printing is the key process of imitation, and the quality of the printing determines the imitation effect. Replica leopards, the center color is deeper than the background, the outer ring is black, need to plate printing and dyeing. Chemical materials include oxidation dyes, SX glue, penetrants, wool-retaining agent MF-3, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Before the printing, it is necessary to use a brush to smooth the hair. After the center color is printed, the outer ring is printed black. The scraping material should be even and then dried.
4.4 Deaeration
The darker hair is printed, and the problem of washing and degumming in water is not significant. However, when the base color of the hair is white, the fur printing must be carefully controlled to prevent the background from being stained.
4.5 Sawdust (wooden rake)
Roll the fur with a drum, sawdust, and brightener to loosen, lighten, and remove floating color.
4.6 Printing Precautions
(1) After adding the printing paste, add an appropriate amount of preservative, otherwise it will be rancid and deteriorated after being left for a long time.
(2) The preparation of the paste should not be too dilute, leaving room for adding moderate dye water, that is, if the paste is very thin, it becomes thinner after adding the dye water and cannot be printed.
(3) When bubbles, dyes, and other materials are added, bubbles may be added and defoamers may be added.
(4) If there are two printing plates that require color registration, attention should be paid to the alignment of the two printing plates to prevent misalignment of the pattern. After the first printing, it should be dried and then color-coded to prevent contamination.
(5) When printing, it is best to push by special personnel to prevent mistakes or uneven force, so as to avoid inconsistency in pattern depth.
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