In recent years, China's construction industry has developed rapidly, and a large number of better construction products and excellent projects have emerged, but the quality of engineering is also very prominent, especially the quality of waterproof engineering. A lot of complaints about the quality of construction projects that I have dealt with after I went to the quality supervision station are about leakage in the kitchen and bathroom. The reasons for this and the prevention methods are as follows: First, cause the house, The cause of seepage between the baths was observed on the spot. It was found that the leaks in the kitchen and the toilet were mainly around the room, pipes, floor drains, bathtubs, toilets, wash basins, etc. There are many reasons for leakage, but it is nothing more than waterproof materials, design, construction and use management. Leakage caused by improper selection of materials In recent years, waterproof materials have developed rapidly, and new types of waterproof materials have appeared on the market. This situation provides more room for waterproof design and construction personnel to select materials in waterproof engineering. On the other hand, because the building waterproofing project is limited by various conditions such as use, location, environment, design cost, etc., it is more difficult to select in the face of various materials. If the material properties are not understood, it is not possible to reasonably select waterproof materials according to different base layers and actual site conditions, and even use fake and inferior materials, which often leads to leakage. Design Considerations for Different Leakage At present, most designers pay attention to design and design when they carry out house design, while ignoring the joint waterproofing process, there is no detailed processing map, which brings greater randomness to the construction operation. Reasonable waterproof design is the premise of doing waterproof engineering. The omission of drawings will inevitably lead to poor waterproofing engineering. If some designs do not indicate the flow gradient in the kitchen and toilet examples, the slopes of the individual markings are mostly within the small range of 3 pleasures and 5 pleasures. If there is a slight error in the construction, water will accumulate on the ground. In the weak area of ​​the floor slab. There are many construction units that are caused by poor construction quality t. The construction unit often ignores the construction quality, such as the screed slope of the inter-station, and the surface unevenness controls the water-cement ratio and the cement label. The leveling layer is sanded, hollowed, cracked and then cracked to prevent leakage.
The investigation of the leakage through the root of the floor pipe found that the main reason for this type of leakage was that the gap between the pipe and the floor that passed through the floor was not handled according to the specifications, but it was simply filled with ordinary cement mortar. Because the mortar is a brittle material, it is easy to shrink and crack and cause leakage. The leakage of the protective layer caused by the leakage caused by human factors is not good. The user may damage the waterproof layer caused by the secondary decoration of the newly completed house. The anti-seepage guarantee between the Tianfang and the bathing port is as follows: 1. The kitchen material in the kitchen and the toilet room is reasonably selected. There are many joints in the kitchen and the toilet, and there are many complicated joints. Therefore, the coil material is not used as much as possible. The traditional waterproof construction method is that it is difficult to make the joints and joints in the complicated parts to be firmly bonded and tightly sealed, and it is difficult to form a continuous and integral waterproof layer. The joint parts can also be caulked with compensation shrinkage waterproof joint mortar. Polyurethane waterproof coating, JS composite waterproof coating, etc. as a waterproof material in the kitchen and toilet room can obtain satisfactory results. Calculate the ground and floor drain height. Pipes that pass through the floor of the building should be pre-set with casings not less than 20m above the ground. A groove of 20 mm×20 m should be reserved at the root, and the gap between the pipe and the pipe and the casing should be embedded and compacted with an elastic plastic sealing material. When the waterproof layer is constructed, it should avoid cross work with other processes. The rigid waterproof layer and the rigid protective layer should have strength before continuing construction. Strengthen the management of completed projects. To prevent damage to the original waterproof layer caused by the secondary decoration, especially in the kitchen, the bathroom floor of the bathroom should be avoided.
Careful construction, waterproof design personnel should be familiar with the waterproof design specifications, familiar with the performance of new waterproof materials, and establish the design principles of "anti-discharge combination, rigid-flexible combination, joint sealing, composite waterproof, multi-channel fortification". The design must be based on the actual situation of the kitchen and toilet room to consider the applicability of the waterproof design, the durability and rationality of the waterproof material, the feasibility of the operation technology and the detailed treatment of the nodes to ensure the life of the waterproof material. No leakage will occur inside. For the kitchen and toilet, there are many pipes, complicated shapes, small area, variable cross-section and high waterproof requirements. In order to ensure the quality of waterproof engineering, we should adhere to the principle of “anti-discharge combination†in design and construction. . Firstly, when screeding cement mortar leveling layer is required, the slope of the slope to the floor drain should not be less than 2%, and the elevation of the floor drain should be less than 20m of the ground level. The construction of the waterproof layer should meet the thickness of the specification. It adopts 1.5~2.omm thick coating film waterproof construction method.
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