The research team of Professor Chen Xiangjun, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, recently used the self-developed high-resolution (e, 2e) spectrometer to realize the first experimental measurement of the triple differential cross section of vibration-resolved electron impact ionization. The electronic momentum distribution of H2 molecular vibration resolution is obtained. Through the selection of vibrational dynamics, the selection of molecular core spacing was achieved, and the molecular Young's interference effect under different core spacing was observed. The results of the study were published in the latest issue of Physical Review Letters.
The recognition of wave-particle duality is a milestone in the development of quantum mechanics. This revolutionary concept has been continuously confirmed by the Young's double-slit interference experiment of various physical particles, ranging from electrons to organic macromolecules. The basis of the traditional double-slit experiment is Heisenberg's uncertain relationship. In order to obtain the interference image, the momentum of the particles must be accurately determined, so that the delocalization of the particle position is greater than the width of the slit, so it is coherent.
Another mechanism that makes particles coherent is the coherent superposition of particles exiting from different locations in space. The ionization of homonuclear diatomic molecules provides an example of this molecular-scale "double slit" interference experiment. Ionized electrons coherent from two atoms On exit, the superposition of electron waves leads to observable interference effects.
As early as 1966, Cohen and Fano proposed the possibility of observing this molecular Young's interference experiment in photoionization, but it was not confirmed in the experiments of heavy ion collision ionization and photoionization until 2001 and 2005, However, due to various effects, electron impact ionization experiments have not been able to obtain definite results. In 2012, Professor Chen Xiangjun collaborated with the research team of Tohoku University in Japan to observe the multi-center interference effect (Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 173201 2012). Recently, Professor Chen Xiangjun, together with Associate Professor Shan Xu of the research group and others, used the self-developed high-resolution (e, 2e) spectrometer to realize the experimental measurement of the triple differential cross section of vibration-resolved electron impact ionization for the first time, and obtained the H2 molecular vibration Resolved electronic momentum distribution. By measuring the vibration-resolved cross-sectional ratio, the influence of kinetic effects is avoided, and the Young's interference effect of the molecules is directly observed. Moreover, the selection of the vibration dynamics realizes the selection of the molecular nuclear spacing, thereby achieving the molecular Young's of different nuclear spacing Interference experiment. The reviewer believes: "The observation of H2's Young's interference in the two-body (e, 2e) experiment is an important step forward and will affect the further development of related fields." "This is the first time [ In (e, 2e) experiments] clearly demonstrated the interference effect at different nuclear distances. "
The above research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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