In modern wineries, more and more quality-related parameters are measured directly in the process. The benefit of measuring these data in real time is the ability to effectively control and optimize many process steps without delay. In addition, for the recording and traceability of quality data, online analysis of data is also crucial. Consumers who are very picky about quality will evaluate various visual parameters such as beer color and beverage color before they start drinking. These parameters will also affect their purchase decisions.
Beer filtration and filling
The measurement of beer color usually uses EBC (European Brewing Association) or ASBC (American Society of Brewing Chemists) units. In filtered beer, the turbidity is usually less than 1 EBC (1 EBC = 69 ASBC). The turbidity is measured directly at the outlet of the diatomaceous earth or membrane filter and in the filling line. In a double scattering angle system, the light intensity of 90 ° and 25 ° is measured simultaneously. The 90 ° EBC / ASBC value is directly related to the concentration of fine undissolved particles such as beer protein and dextran. The 25 ° measurement has a high sensitivity to non-beer components such as yeast cells and diatomaceous earth particles, so it plays a good monitoring role in these applications. Undesirable filter penetration can be detected reliably and quickly by detecting this scattering angle.
Mixing process
During the high-concentration brewing process, the original wort concentration is adjusted by mixing beer with deoxygenated water. In some cases, in order to produce darker beer, colored beer is also added to it. The production method of beer beverages is to mix beer with soft drinks or flavors. These mixing steps are usually carried out after beer filtration. In addition to determining the original wort concentration, color measurement based on the EBC method can also provide important information about the final appearance of the beer: consistent color and clear and transparent are the main goals of high quality. The beer chromaticity (yellow to be precise) is measured by absorbing light with a certain characteristic wavelength. Simultaneous measurement of turbidity during the mixing process and filling line can further ensure that undesirable particles that may precipitate during the mixing process do not appear. Undesirable particles may also be caused by bad batches of colored beer or essence.
Measuring principle
Turbidity
METTLER TOLEDO's InPro 8600 is a compact online turbidity sensor that uses a single sensor head and a single light source to simultaneously measure 90 ° and 25 ° scattered light. The sapphire window is embedded in the stainless steel sensor head and uses a photodetector to measure different light intensities (see Figure 1). The 0 ° direct light measurement compensates for changes in background color, possible changes in light source intensity, and, to some extent, dirt in the optical window. The sensor is calibrated with Formazin turbidity standard solution in the range of 0--100 EBC (0--6900 ASBC) before leaving the factory. The spatial distribution of scattered light caused by particles depends on many factors, one of which is the particle size itself. Therefore, the 25 ° and 90 ° channel readings vary with particle size. If only colloid particles (less than about 1 micron) are present in the sample solution, the 90 ° channel shows a higher signal than the 25 ° channel. If there are particles larger than 1 micron in the liquid, the situation is reversed.
As mentioned above, this principle can be used to distinguish the normal beer filtration process from the operation of undesirable larger particles penetrating the filter media.
Turbidity reading comparison
In addition to particle size, other parameters also affect the reading of the turbidity system. The other two factors are the scattering angle and the wavelength of the sensor light source. Therefore, it must be noted that only results obtained by the same optical device can be compared. Most turbidity systems used by brewery customers use a red light source (650 nm) and 25 ° and 90 ° scattering angles, which is the same as InPro 8600
The sensor is the same.
Turbidity plus color
The beer chromaticity is determined by measuring the blue light absorption in the visible spectrum. This is in accordance with the beer color analysis method recommended by EBC. The reason why blue light is used is because the wavelength of blue light is short, so that the beer color difference (yellow) can be most easily recognized. In order to eliminate the possible sources of error in the process of measurement, especially the errors caused by the turbidity interference of particles, users can use two-color method to compensate for turbidity. From a technical point of view, it can be achieved by measuring the red light absorption and the blue light absorption. Therefore, compared to the above setup, one way to modify the sensor head is to add blue LEDs. Both the blue and red LEDs operate in delayed pulse mode (see Figure 2), so users can use three signals, 25 ° and 90 ° turbidity plus chromaticity for process optimization and quality assurance. (Organized by China Educational Equipment Purchasing Network)
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