I. Traditional methods of metal composition analysis
Spectrophotometry
It is an analytical method for quantitative analysis and characterization of metal elements based on the Lambert-Bee law. In this method, light of different wavelengths is used, and it is continuously injected into a solution containing metal ions, and at the same time, the absorption intensity corresponding to different wavelengths is obtained. By plotting the absorption spectrum of the metal ion, the metal ions in the solution can be quantitatively analyzed to obtain the concentration and content. This method requires the selection of a suitable developer.
2. Titration analysis
It is a traditional analytical method that refers to the use of a reagent with a standard concentration to measure the metal ion content in a metal containing solution.
3. Atomic spectroscopy
3.1 Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES)
It is a method for quantitatively analyzing a metal material by using a spectral line that emits a certain characteristic spectrum line after the atom or ion receives the excitation under certain conditions. This method is used to analyze the elements such as sulfur and carbon in metal materials.
3.2 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (ABS)
It is an analytical method for absorbing the spectral line between visible light and ultraviolet light based on the outer electrons of the ground state atom in the gaseous state, and then analyzing the absorption intensity to quantify the metal component. More commonly used is the flame atomic absorption method.
4. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF)
Is an electromagnetic radiation wave generated by the high-energy electrons of the metal element in the deceleration motion or the electrons in the inner layer of the metal atom, and then the metal atom absorbs the electromagnetic radiation wave and emits the corresponding characteristic line. method. This method has a wide range of analysis and high efficiency, but this method requires high sample uniformity and is affected by the basic effects, so the operation process is strict.
5. Electrochemical analysis
It is a metal material composition analysis method developed by utilizing the correlation between the composition and content of metal materials and the electrochemical properties of metal materials. However, the accuracy of this method is low, and it is inconvenient to operate. It is greatly affected by the external environment and has been used less frequently.
Second, the new method of metal material composition analysis
1. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
It is one of the most sensitive elemental analysis methods and is now mainly used for the quantitative determination of trace and trace elements, such as the measurement of rare metals, precious metals, refractory metals and rare earth metals in metallic materials.
2. Laser induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS)
It is an atomic emission spectroscopy method. Its device is simple in structure and easy to operate. It can measure multiple elements in metal materials simultaneously, improve measurement efficiency, and meet the needs of online measurement and analysis. This method can be used to measure stainless steel. Trace elements.
3. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES)
It is also a new type of atomic emission spectroscopy, which has a wide measurement range and high sensitivity.
4. Graphite furnace atomic absorption method
This method is fast and easy to analyze. This method can be used to measure the trace element of lead in aerospace copper alloy, and the results are basically consistent with the results of conventional methods. (end)
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