November 15, 1999 was an important date in the 20th century. China and the United States signed a bilateral agreement on China’s accession to the World Trade Organization. The governments and official representatives of various countries in the world have expressed their welcome and agreed that China's accession to the WTO and the United States have reached an agreement "having a global significance." China's accession to the WTO will be just around the corner.
The news of China’s accession to the WTO has been warmly welcomed by the people of the country, and it has also received close attention from all walks of life in China. China’s accession to the WTO will also have an important impact on China’s packaging industry, and we should also attach importance to it.
1. A Brief History of China's Accession to the WTO The World Trade Organization's English name, the World Trade Organization, is an international organization that aims to supervise world trade and promote the liberalization of world trade. Its predecessor was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which was founded in 1947. China is one of the founding countries of the General Agreement.
In the past 50 years, the GATT has achieved great success in relaxing world trade restrictions and promoting trade liberalization. On January 18, 1984, New China officially became a member of the International Textile Trade Agreement under the General Agreement. On July 10, 1986, China formally filed an application for resuming its status as a party to the GATT, referred to as "re-opening". In March 1987, the General Agreement Council decided to establish a working group for China's re-entry. In April 1989, the State party completed its assessment of China’s foreign trade system. From June 1989 to February 1992, western countries led by the United States imposed economic sanctions on China, and the negotiations for re-entering the country stalled. From February 1992 to January 1995, China relaunched the resumption negotiations, but it failed because of the main contracting parties.
On January 1, 1995, the World Trade Organization’s WTO was formally established (the GATT ended) and a total of 104 countries became founding members. China has also changed from the "reopening" negotiation to the negotiation of "joining the World Trade Organization" (referred to as China's accession to the WTO). In April 1999, during Premier Zhu Rongji's visit to the United States, both sides made significant progress in the negotiations on the issue of accession to the WTO. On November 7, 1999, President Jiang Zemin and Clinton again talked and decided to speed up the negotiation process. On November 10, 1999, China and the United States entered the "war of the century" for the negotiations on accession to the WTO. On November 15, the Sino-U.S. war ended. The two sides signed an agreement. After 13 years of hard work, China finally won the final victory.
2. Influence of China's accession to the WTO on China's economy China's accession to the WTO is not only very beneficial to the development of world economy and trade, it is very beneficial to people of all countries in the world, and it is also very beneficial to China's economic development and people's lives. Specifically, there are the following aspects.
2.1 Facilitating the introduction and utilization of foreign investment When China's foreign investment has slowed down, China and the United States have signed a bilateral agreement on accession to the WTO, which will undoubtedly increase the enthusiasm of foreign investors to invest in China and create excellent foreign investment and foreign investment use. condition.
2.2 Advantageous Expansion of Exports of Chinese Products After China's formal accession to the WTO, China will enjoy the most favored nation treatment when it engages in trade relations with the 134 member countries of the WTO, which will greatly benefit the export of Chinese products.
2.3 Advantages of China's reform and opening up The 20 years of reform and opening up have proven that China's reform and opening up cannot be separated from a good external environment. Joining the World Trade Organization will not only improve the economic environment to some extent, but also create a favorable political environment for China.
2.4 Accelerating State-owned Enterprise Reform in China The Fourth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has clearly placed the strengthening of state-owned enterprise reforms in an important position. At present, the main reason for the failure of state-owned enterprise reform is the lack of competitive pressure. Looking at China’s modern history, lack of competition will surely lead to backwardness and backwardness, and state-owned enterprises should take this opportunity to turn pressure into momentum and rise up to a big reform.
2.5 Promoting Domestic Demand and Economic Development After China enters the World Trade Organization, with the recovery and development of various industries, it will effectively stimulate domestic demand. With the increase of domestic demand, it will in turn promote China's economic development.
2.6 Creating favorable conditions for expanding employment In the past 20 years since China’s reform and opening up, foreign-funded enterprises have provided China with about 10 million jobs. According to statistics, after joining the World Trade Organization, a country’s GDP will increase by 3%, and every one percentage point increase will create 4 million jobs.
2.7 Raising the People's Living Standards After China's accession to the World Trade Organization, our people will be able to purchase more quality imported goods at a lower price, or to purchase domestic brand-name products at a lower price, thereby effectively enhancing the purchasing power of the people.
2.8 Contributing to Peaceful Resolution of the Taiwan Issue After China’s first accession to the WTO, if China’s Taiwan can join the WTO as an independent tax zone, according to the WTO’s regulations, Taiwan’s “three links†impediments (navigation, postal mail, and communications) will effectively The reduction will increase the exchanges between the two sides of the Strait and peacefully resolve the Taiwan issue.
2.9 Prosperity and development in favor of Hong Kong and Macao Hong Kong and Macao are in a special position. Their development is closely related to the prosperity of the mainland. Any benefits that the mother mainland enjoys in the World Trade Organization will be reflected in Hong Kong and Macao indirectly and promote development.
2.10 The development of the packaging industry in China is beneficial to the packaging of products and a symbol of the country’s economic level. After China's accession to the WTO, with the globalization of economic and trade development, the packaging industry has brought higher requirements and pressures, which will surely promote the rapid development of China's packaging industry.
3. Impact of China's Accession to WTO on China's Packaging Industry After China's accession to the WTO, China will become a member of the WTO agreement, and China's packaging industry will face new opportunities and challenges. From a macro point of view, accession to the WTO will undoubtedly improve the overall quality of Chinese packaging companies, and it is also an opportunity to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure. We should seize this rare opportunity, specifically in the following aspects.
3.1 Promoting further maturation of China's packaging industry After China's accession to the WTO, it will introduce a good competition mechanism and management system, which will accelerate the formation of effective competition in the Chinese packaging market, strengthen the integration with international standards and world trade, and further improve the overall packaging industry in China. Level.
3.2 Improve the Competitiveness of Chinese Packaging Enterprises After China's accession to the WTO, China's packaging industry enterprises can use the WTO Agreement to obtain multilateral and unconditional MFN status for the general-purpose policies of developing countries. This will enable Chinese packaging companies to acquire and introduce the most advanced packaging technologies and Packaging equipment will reduce the production and operation costs of packaging companies and enhance the competitiveness of Chinese packaging companies and products.
3.3 Contributing to China's Packaging Enterprises Opening up International International Markets China's accession to the WTO has opened the door to the world's packaging industry on the one hand, and we have also stepped into the door of the world's packaging market on the other. China's packaging materials can also enter the international market to compete. At the same time, China's rising packaging machinery manufacturing industry will gain a lot of market share in the international market.
3.4 Promoting Joint Development of Chinese Packaging Enterprises Although packaging companies in China have achieved rapid development in the past decade, they are still relatively weak and scattered compared with international packaging companies. Although China's famous packaging manufacturer, Guangdong Eastern Packaging Materials Factory, has entered the ranks of China's top 100 high-tech companies, its output and sales cannot be compared with foreign countries. Entering WTO not only brings us opportunities but also challenges us. The fierce competition after entering the WTO will certainly change the small and decentralized "sparrow tactics" of the Chinese packaging industry, prompting more than 20,000 packaging companies to take the road of joint development.
4. How will China's packaging industry face the challenges brought by China's accession to the WTO? Although our packaging industry is different from the automotive industry, textile industry, telecommunications industry, and clothing industry, we have also conducted active research and discussion and proposed the following measures.
4.1 It is necessary to update concepts and deepen reforms It has been 13 years since China began negotiating the "restore" process in 1986. However, most of us do not know much about the basic knowledge of the WTO, and the spirit of China's accession to the WTO is not enough. Therefore, updating ideas and deepening reforms are the first tasks to adapt to the challenges. We must establish the international market awareness of international competition awareness, as well as the world concept of legal system, re-branding, and credit. In addition to attaching importance to the decoration design and exterior design of commodity packaging, we must also pay attention to aspects such as packaging safety, health, and intellectual property rights. Set off a new wave of "entry into the WTO."
4.2 To enhance technological innovation capacity To join the World Trade Organization means that the door to the domestic market in China must be opened, and cold winds and cold rains coming in from outside must affect the flowers that grow in the greenhouse. Therefore, on the one hand, our packaging companies must deepen reforms and change mechanisms, on the other hand, we must also increase technological innovation capabilities, improve production efficiency and product packaging quality to meet the needs of the international market, and thus increase the competitiveness of the international market.
4.3 Joint development is the only way In the "WTO accession strategy", Mr. Liang Renrong, senior manager of the Hong Kong Management Association, proposed the "joint development" strategy. Needless to say, most of the more than 20,000 packaging companies in China are very small and face fierce competition after entering the WTO. Domestic companies will be polarized. Large companies have joined forces and small businesses have gradually been eliminated. The packaging industry will also take the road of joint development. The primary consideration is quality and price elements for greater development.
4.4 Strengthening the International Standardization of Packaging Needless to say, there is still a certain gap between the international standardization of China's product packaging and the requirements of ISO, especially the implementation of quality standards such as ISO9000, environmental protection standard ISO14000, and safety standard ISO16000. The general lack of recycling labels for plastic packaging in China is a common example of beer bottle explosion accidents.
4.5 Improving the technical level of commodity barcodes The correct use of commodity packaging barcodes is a basic requirement for accession to the WTO and is also a requirement for a new round of commercial revolution, and it is also in line with international requirements. At present, there are many problems in China's commodity packaging barcodes, such as product barcode renumbering, printing position errors, barcode color errors, usage code errors, misreading, and so on. In particular, there is a need to strengthen the management and use of invisible barcodes.
4.6 Strengthen international certification of product packaging Product packaging entering the world trade market should generally have the certification mark of an international authoritative organization. Among them, the internationally accepted ISO9000, ISO14000, ISO16000, and two-dimensional product barcodes are an important part of the packaging logo. In May 1997, China and the United States signed a document to promote the use of QR code PDF417 (mini database), but the progress was not fast. In the future, while strengthening bar code management, we should vigorously adopt internationally-accepted two-dimensional bar codes to enhance product competitiveness and strive for more product packaging to be recognized by international authoritative organizations. All in all, in the international market, packaging is a first impression and it is very important. Therefore, after China's entry into the WTO, packaging should go ahead. China's packaging industry should make use of the favorable conditions for joining the World Trade Organization, seize the opportunity of more than 130 member states of the WTO to gradually open up markets to China, deepen reforms, and develop packaging to create a new situation in the prosperity and prosperity of China's packaging industry in the new century. The development of human society and the improvement of people’s lives will make greater contributions.
☆ Han Weimin Ai Zhonghua from China Packaging News January 14, 2000
The news of China’s accession to the WTO has been warmly welcomed by the people of the country, and it has also received close attention from all walks of life in China. China’s accession to the WTO will also have an important impact on China’s packaging industry, and we should also attach importance to it.
1. A Brief History of China's Accession to the WTO The World Trade Organization's English name, the World Trade Organization, is an international organization that aims to supervise world trade and promote the liberalization of world trade. Its predecessor was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which was founded in 1947. China is one of the founding countries of the General Agreement.
In the past 50 years, the GATT has achieved great success in relaxing world trade restrictions and promoting trade liberalization. On January 18, 1984, New China officially became a member of the International Textile Trade Agreement under the General Agreement. On July 10, 1986, China formally filed an application for resuming its status as a party to the GATT, referred to as "re-opening". In March 1987, the General Agreement Council decided to establish a working group for China's re-entry. In April 1989, the State party completed its assessment of China’s foreign trade system. From June 1989 to February 1992, western countries led by the United States imposed economic sanctions on China, and the negotiations for re-entering the country stalled. From February 1992 to January 1995, China relaunched the resumption negotiations, but it failed because of the main contracting parties.
On January 1, 1995, the World Trade Organization’s WTO was formally established (the GATT ended) and a total of 104 countries became founding members. China has also changed from the "reopening" negotiation to the negotiation of "joining the World Trade Organization" (referred to as China's accession to the WTO). In April 1999, during Premier Zhu Rongji's visit to the United States, both sides made significant progress in the negotiations on the issue of accession to the WTO. On November 7, 1999, President Jiang Zemin and Clinton again talked and decided to speed up the negotiation process. On November 10, 1999, China and the United States entered the "war of the century" for the negotiations on accession to the WTO. On November 15, the Sino-U.S. war ended. The two sides signed an agreement. After 13 years of hard work, China finally won the final victory.
2. Influence of China's accession to the WTO on China's economy China's accession to the WTO is not only very beneficial to the development of world economy and trade, it is very beneficial to people of all countries in the world, and it is also very beneficial to China's economic development and people's lives. Specifically, there are the following aspects.
2.1 Facilitating the introduction and utilization of foreign investment When China's foreign investment has slowed down, China and the United States have signed a bilateral agreement on accession to the WTO, which will undoubtedly increase the enthusiasm of foreign investors to invest in China and create excellent foreign investment and foreign investment use. condition.
2.2 Advantageous Expansion of Exports of Chinese Products After China's formal accession to the WTO, China will enjoy the most favored nation treatment when it engages in trade relations with the 134 member countries of the WTO, which will greatly benefit the export of Chinese products.
2.3 Advantages of China's reform and opening up The 20 years of reform and opening up have proven that China's reform and opening up cannot be separated from a good external environment. Joining the World Trade Organization will not only improve the economic environment to some extent, but also create a favorable political environment for China.
2.4 Accelerating State-owned Enterprise Reform in China The Fourth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has clearly placed the strengthening of state-owned enterprise reforms in an important position. At present, the main reason for the failure of state-owned enterprise reform is the lack of competitive pressure. Looking at China’s modern history, lack of competition will surely lead to backwardness and backwardness, and state-owned enterprises should take this opportunity to turn pressure into momentum and rise up to a big reform.
2.5 Promoting Domestic Demand and Economic Development After China enters the World Trade Organization, with the recovery and development of various industries, it will effectively stimulate domestic demand. With the increase of domestic demand, it will in turn promote China's economic development.
2.6 Creating favorable conditions for expanding employment In the past 20 years since China’s reform and opening up, foreign-funded enterprises have provided China with about 10 million jobs. According to statistics, after joining the World Trade Organization, a country’s GDP will increase by 3%, and every one percentage point increase will create 4 million jobs.
2.7 Raising the People's Living Standards After China's accession to the World Trade Organization, our people will be able to purchase more quality imported goods at a lower price, or to purchase domestic brand-name products at a lower price, thereby effectively enhancing the purchasing power of the people.
2.8 Contributing to Peaceful Resolution of the Taiwan Issue After China’s first accession to the WTO, if China’s Taiwan can join the WTO as an independent tax zone, according to the WTO’s regulations, Taiwan’s “three links†impediments (navigation, postal mail, and communications) will effectively The reduction will increase the exchanges between the two sides of the Strait and peacefully resolve the Taiwan issue.
2.9 Prosperity and development in favor of Hong Kong and Macao Hong Kong and Macao are in a special position. Their development is closely related to the prosperity of the mainland. Any benefits that the mother mainland enjoys in the World Trade Organization will be reflected in Hong Kong and Macao indirectly and promote development.
2.10 The development of the packaging industry in China is beneficial to the packaging of products and a symbol of the country’s economic level. After China's accession to the WTO, with the globalization of economic and trade development, the packaging industry has brought higher requirements and pressures, which will surely promote the rapid development of China's packaging industry.
3. Impact of China's Accession to WTO on China's Packaging Industry After China's accession to the WTO, China will become a member of the WTO agreement, and China's packaging industry will face new opportunities and challenges. From a macro point of view, accession to the WTO will undoubtedly improve the overall quality of Chinese packaging companies, and it is also an opportunity to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure. We should seize this rare opportunity, specifically in the following aspects.
3.1 Promoting further maturation of China's packaging industry After China's accession to the WTO, it will introduce a good competition mechanism and management system, which will accelerate the formation of effective competition in the Chinese packaging market, strengthen the integration with international standards and world trade, and further improve the overall packaging industry in China. Level.
3.2 Improve the Competitiveness of Chinese Packaging Enterprises After China's accession to the WTO, China's packaging industry enterprises can use the WTO Agreement to obtain multilateral and unconditional MFN status for the general-purpose policies of developing countries. This will enable Chinese packaging companies to acquire and introduce the most advanced packaging technologies and Packaging equipment will reduce the production and operation costs of packaging companies and enhance the competitiveness of Chinese packaging companies and products.
3.3 Contributing to China's Packaging Enterprises Opening up International International Markets China's accession to the WTO has opened the door to the world's packaging industry on the one hand, and we have also stepped into the door of the world's packaging market on the other. China's packaging materials can also enter the international market to compete. At the same time, China's rising packaging machinery manufacturing industry will gain a lot of market share in the international market.
3.4 Promoting Joint Development of Chinese Packaging Enterprises Although packaging companies in China have achieved rapid development in the past decade, they are still relatively weak and scattered compared with international packaging companies. Although China's famous packaging manufacturer, Guangdong Eastern Packaging Materials Factory, has entered the ranks of China's top 100 high-tech companies, its output and sales cannot be compared with foreign countries. Entering WTO not only brings us opportunities but also challenges us. The fierce competition after entering the WTO will certainly change the small and decentralized "sparrow tactics" of the Chinese packaging industry, prompting more than 20,000 packaging companies to take the road of joint development.
4. How will China's packaging industry face the challenges brought by China's accession to the WTO? Although our packaging industry is different from the automotive industry, textile industry, telecommunications industry, and clothing industry, we have also conducted active research and discussion and proposed the following measures.
4.1 It is necessary to update concepts and deepen reforms It has been 13 years since China began negotiating the "restore" process in 1986. However, most of us do not know much about the basic knowledge of the WTO, and the spirit of China's accession to the WTO is not enough. Therefore, updating ideas and deepening reforms are the first tasks to adapt to the challenges. We must establish the international market awareness of international competition awareness, as well as the world concept of legal system, re-branding, and credit. In addition to attaching importance to the decoration design and exterior design of commodity packaging, we must also pay attention to aspects such as packaging safety, health, and intellectual property rights. Set off a new wave of "entry into the WTO."
4.2 To enhance technological innovation capacity To join the World Trade Organization means that the door to the domestic market in China must be opened, and cold winds and cold rains coming in from outside must affect the flowers that grow in the greenhouse. Therefore, on the one hand, our packaging companies must deepen reforms and change mechanisms, on the other hand, we must also increase technological innovation capabilities, improve production efficiency and product packaging quality to meet the needs of the international market, and thus increase the competitiveness of the international market.
4.3 Joint development is the only way In the "WTO accession strategy", Mr. Liang Renrong, senior manager of the Hong Kong Management Association, proposed the "joint development" strategy. Needless to say, most of the more than 20,000 packaging companies in China are very small and face fierce competition after entering the WTO. Domestic companies will be polarized. Large companies have joined forces and small businesses have gradually been eliminated. The packaging industry will also take the road of joint development. The primary consideration is quality and price elements for greater development.
4.4 Strengthening the International Standardization of Packaging Needless to say, there is still a certain gap between the international standardization of China's product packaging and the requirements of ISO, especially the implementation of quality standards such as ISO9000, environmental protection standard ISO14000, and safety standard ISO16000. The general lack of recycling labels for plastic packaging in China is a common example of beer bottle explosion accidents.
4.5 Improving the technical level of commodity barcodes The correct use of commodity packaging barcodes is a basic requirement for accession to the WTO and is also a requirement for a new round of commercial revolution, and it is also in line with international requirements. At present, there are many problems in China's commodity packaging barcodes, such as product barcode renumbering, printing position errors, barcode color errors, usage code errors, misreading, and so on. In particular, there is a need to strengthen the management and use of invisible barcodes.
4.6 Strengthen international certification of product packaging Product packaging entering the world trade market should generally have the certification mark of an international authoritative organization. Among them, the internationally accepted ISO9000, ISO14000, ISO16000, and two-dimensional product barcodes are an important part of the packaging logo. In May 1997, China and the United States signed a document to promote the use of QR code PDF417 (mini database), but the progress was not fast. In the future, while strengthening bar code management, we should vigorously adopt internationally-accepted two-dimensional bar codes to enhance product competitiveness and strive for more product packaging to be recognized by international authoritative organizations. All in all, in the international market, packaging is a first impression and it is very important. Therefore, after China's entry into the WTO, packaging should go ahead. China's packaging industry should make use of the favorable conditions for joining the World Trade Organization, seize the opportunity of more than 130 member states of the WTO to gradually open up markets to China, deepen reforms, and develop packaging to create a new situation in the prosperity and prosperity of China's packaging industry in the new century. The development of human society and the improvement of people’s lives will make greater contributions.
☆ Han Weimin Ai Zhonghua from China Packaging News January 14, 2000
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